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Modulation of gut microbiome in response to the combination of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and sugars: a pilot study using host-free system reflecting impact on interpersonal microbiome

Summary

This study examined how a beneficial bacteria called Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 combined with different types of sugar affects gut bacteria. Researchers found that the effectiveness of these treatments depends heavily on each person’s unique starting microbiota composition, which is shaped by their diet, lifestyle, and health status. The results show that one-size-fits-all probiotic treatments don’t work equally for everyone, and doctors should personalize treatments based on an individual’s existing gut bacteria profile.

Background

Probiotics such as Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (ECN) show varying effectiveness across individuals due to differences in gut microbiota composition. The effectiveness of probiotic therapies may be influenced by baseline microbiome profiles and the presence of certain carbohydrates. Understanding how individual microbiome composition affects probiotic response is essential for developing personalized treatments.

Objective

This study investigated how ECN combined with different sugars (glucose, galactose, and rice starch) modulates gut microbiota in a host-free system, and how baseline interpersonal microbiome differences influence treatment responses. The aim was to determine whether personalized microbiome profiles should guide treatment planning.

Results

Baseline microbiota showed significant inter-individual variation influenced by lifestyle and diet. ECN alone had limited impact on microbial diversity and abundance, while prebiotics substantially enriched Actinobacteria including Bifidobacterium and Collinsella. Synbiotic treatments produced distinct microbial community segregation at β-diversity level with subject-specific patterns. Core microbiota alterations occurred primarily under prebiotic and synbiotic treatments.

Conclusion

Individual microbiome composition strongly influences the effectiveness of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic treatments. Personalized approaches considering baseline microbiome profiles are essential for optimizing treatment outcomes. A one-size-fits-all strategy is ineffective; tailored dietary and therapeutic interventions based on individual microbiome characteristics are necessary for maximizing gut health benefits.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Nutrition,
  • Study Type:Pilot Study,
  • Source: PMID: 39502876, DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1452784
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