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Methods Using Marine Aquatic Photoautotrophs along the Qatari Coastline to Remediate Oil and Gas Industrial Water

Summary

This review examines how marine plants and algae along Qatar’s coast can help clean up pollution from oil and gas industries. Plants like mangroves, seagrasses, and seaweeds work together with beneficial bacteria to remove heavy metals and break down petroleum pollutants in seawater. Using these natural organisms as biological filters could be an effective and sustainable way to protect coastal marine environments while being economically beneficial through biotechnology applications.

Background

Qatar and Gulf States have diverse marine vegetation adapted to seawater stress, but industrial wastewater from oil and gas activities adds further detrimental conditions. Marine aquatic photosynthetic organisms experience severe stress from both seawater salinity and industrial pollutants including heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons.

Objective

To review biodiversity in seawater around Qatar and discuss remediation methods, metabolic pathways, and the roles of marine photoautotrophs and associated microorganisms in reducing negative impacts of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons from oil and gas industrial activities.

Results

The review identifies mangrove species (Avicennia marina), seagrasses (Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii), and various seaweed species as promising candidates for phytoremediation and phycoremediation. These organisms work with associated microorganisms through biosorption, bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and nutrient uptake mechanisms to remediate heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons.

Conclusion

Marine photoautotrophs and their associated microorganisms offer promising strategies for remediating oil and gas industrial wastewater in the Arabian Gulf. Modern biotechnology and genetic engineering could enhance the remediation efficiency of these native plants and algae, particularly through the synergistic plant-microorganism relationships and complementary metabolic pathways.
  • Published in:Toxics,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: PMID: 39330553
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