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Light Irradiation Coupled with Exogenous Metal Ions to Enhance Exopolysaccharide Synthesis from Agaricus sinodeliciosus ZJU-TP-08 in Liquid Fermentation

Summary

This research explored how different colored lights and metal ions can improve the growth and production of beneficial compounds in medicinal mushrooms. Scientists found that using yellow light followed by blue light, combined with calcium, could significantly increase the production of important polysaccharides that have potential health benefits. Impacts on everyday life: – Provides new methods to grow medicinal mushrooms more efficiently – Could lead to more affordable and available mushroom-based health products – Demonstrates sustainable ways to produce natural compounds – Shows potential for using light to improve food and supplement production – Offers insights into environmentally-friendly cultivation techniques

Background

Macrofungi growth and secondary metabolites production are affected by various factors including temperature, pH, growth media and metal ions. Some metal ions like Ca2+ and Mg2+ are essential for physiological processes and can affect fungal morphology and cell metabolism. Light is also an important signal for adaptation to environmental changes, with photoreceptors for red and blue lights identified in fungi along with associated photoresponse phenomena. Agaricus sinodeliciosus, a wild underground edible mushroom from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, contains valuable bioactive substances but has limited applications due to low yield.

Objective

To investigate the effects of light irradiation combined with metal ions on mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production in Agaricus sinodeliciosus var. Chaidam ZJU-TP-08 liquid fermentation, and to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms through transcriptomic analysis.

Results

Yellow light significantly promoted mycelial biomass (14.13% higher than darkness), while blue light was optimal for EPS production. The combination of 2 g/L CaCl2 with blue light increased EPS production by 42% compared to dark conditions with CaCl2 and 58.26% higher than dark conditions without metal ions. A yellow-blue light shift strategy further enhanced EPS synthesis. The mechanisms involved oxidative stress responses, with increased ROS, H2O2 and O2- production, along with upregulation of genes related to DNA repair and cellular stress responses.

Conclusion

The study demonstrated that combining LED light exposure with metal ions can significantly enhance A. sinodeliciosus growth and EPS production. Yellow light promotes biomass while blue light stimulates EPS synthesis. The enhanced EPS production under blue light with Ca2+ stimulation is attributed to oxidative stress responses. This provides a novel cultivation strategy for improving active substance production in high-value mushrooms under controlled stress conditions.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/jof7110992
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