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Kinetic Studies on Optimized Extracellular Laccase from Trichoderma harzianum PP389612 and its Capabilities for Azo Dye Removal

Summary

This research explores how an enzyme called laccase, produced by a fungus called Trichoderma, can be used to break down harmful textile dyes in an environmentally friendly way. The researchers optimized the production of this enzyme and showed it could effectively remove up to 99% of certain dyes from water. Impacts on everyday life: – Provides a natural, non-toxic way to treat textile industry wastewater – Helps reduce environmental pollution from textile dyes – Offers a more sustainable alternative to chemical treatment methods – Could lead to cleaner water sources in areas with textile manufacturing – May reduce the cost of industrial waste treatment

Background

Azo dyes are common textile dyes preferred for their high stability on fabrics under various harsh conditions. While these dyes pose significant risks to biological organisms, fungal laccase is known as a green catalyst capable of oxidizing numerous dyes. Laccase enzyme features belong to multicopper polyphenol oxidase and can oxidize a wide range of xenobiotics while generating non-toxic water as a byproduct.

Objective

To investigate laccase production from different Trichoderma species, optimize the production process using Plackett-Burman Design, characterize the extracted and optimized laccase, study its kinetic properties, and evaluate its effectiveness in azo dye removal.

Results

Eight out of nine Trichoderma isolates produced laccase. T. harzianum PP389612 showed optimal production, increasing from 1.6 to 2.89 U/ml after optimization. The purified laccase appeared as a single 41.00 kDa protein band. It showed Km values of 146.12 μmol guaiacol and Vmax of 3.82 μmol guaiacol/min. The enzyme remained stable at pH 5-7 and temperatures up to 90°C, with optimal activity at 40-50°C. Maximum dye decolorization reached 99% for Congo red, 72% for methylene blue, and 68.5% for methyl orange after 72 hours.

Conclusion

Trichoderma laccase demonstrates effectiveness as a natural bio-agent for dye removal due to its stability and strong color removal capabilities. The enzyme shows high thermal stability and significant decolorization efficiency, particularly for Congo red dye.
  • Published in:Microbial Cell Factories,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.1186/s12934-024-02412-2
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