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Key Metabolism Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms of High Polysaccharide Yielding in Hericium erinaceus

Summary

This research investigated how genetic mutations in lion’s mane mushroom (Hericium erinaceus) led to increased production of beneficial polysaccharides. Scientists identified the key biological pathways and mechanisms responsible for this enhancement, providing valuable insights for improving medicinal mushroom cultivation. Impacts on everyday life: – Improved production methods for medicinal mushroom supplements – More efficient cultivation of health-promoting natural compounds – Better understanding of how to enhance beneficial properties in fungi – Potential for developing more effective natural health products – Advancement in sustainable production of bioactive compounds

Background

Hericium erinaceus is a valuable edible and medicinal fungus widely used in food and medicine. Its polysaccharides are the main bioactive compounds that provide high bioactive value in medical and healthcare applications. Previous research obtained mutant strains with higher polysaccharide production through ARTP mutagenesis, but the mechanisms behind increased polysaccharide synthesis needed further investigation.

Objective

To reveal the primary mechanism of increased polysaccharide synthesis induced by ARTP mutagenesis and explore the essential genes and pathways involved in polysaccharide synthesis in H. erinaceus mutant strains.

Results

The genome size was 38.16 Mb encoding 9780 predicted genes. Mutant strains HEB and HEC showed increased polysaccharide content by 23.25% and 47.45% respectively compared to HEA. A new β-glucan fraction with molecular weight 1.056 × 106Da was produced in HEC. Transcriptome and proteomics analysis revealed upregulation of carbohydrate metabolism pathways in mutants leading to increased glucose-6P production. The RAS-cAMP-PKA pathway showed decreased activity in HEC, which promoted high polysaccharide and β-glucan production through S phase progression blocking.

Conclusion

The study revealed that increased carbohydrate metabolism and glucose-6P production, combined with dysfunction of the RAS-cAMP-PKA pathway’s glucose signaling regulation, were key mechanisms behind enhanced polysaccharide synthesis in ARTP mutated strains. This provides critical theoretical and practical basis for improving polysaccharide production in H. erinaceus.
  • Published in:BMC Genomics,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.1186/s12864-021-07480-x
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