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Inhibitory Effects and Mechanisms of Perilla Essential Oil and Perillaldehyde against Chestnut Pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea

Summary

Chestnut rot caused by the fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea is a major problem during fruit storage. Researchers found that essential oil from perilla plants and its main component perillaldehyde effectively kill this fungus by damaging its cell walls and membranes. This natural solution could replace harmful synthetic fungicides while keeping chestnuts fresh longer during storage.

Background

Botryosphaeria dothidea is a significant plant pathogen responsible for chestnut rot during postharvest storage, causing substantial economic losses. Perilla essential oil (PEO) and perillaldehyde (PAE) are natural compounds with known antifungal properties that could offer eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic fungicides.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the antifungal properties of perilla essential oil and perillaldehyde against B. dothidea and investigate their mechanisms of action through in vitro and in vivo assays.

Results

PEO and PAE strongly inhibited B. dothidea mycelial growth in a dose-dependent manner, with complete inhibition at 0.5 μL/mL (agar dilution) and 0.063-0.031 μL/mL (fumigation). The antifungal mechanism involves destruction of fungal cell wall integrity and plasma membrane disruption, reducing ergosterol content and causing cellular content leakage.

Conclusion

PEO and PAE are nontoxic, eco-friendly botanical fungicides that effectively control postharvest chestnut rot caused by B. dothidea through cell wall and membrane disruption. These findings demonstrate potential for broader application in controlling B. dothidea-induced diseases on various crops.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/jof10080526; PMID: 39194852
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