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Identification of Pseudocercospora mori as the causal agent of grey leaf spot disease in mulberry (Morus atropurpurea) from various localities in Guangdong Province, China

Summary

Researchers identified a fungus called Pseudocercospora mori as the cause of grey leaf spot disease in mulberry trees grown in Guangdong Province, China. Using advanced DNA sequencing and traditional microscopy, they confirmed this pathogen causes dark spots on mulberry leaves that reduce quality and yield, harming the silk industry that relies on mulberry leaves to feed silkworms. The study developed specific detection methods to help farmers identify and manage this disease in their orchards.

Background

Mulberry trees are susceptible to fungal leaf spot disease during periods of high temperature and humidity, significantly reducing leaf yield and quality. Grey leaf spot disease caused by Pseudocercospora mori is recognized as one of the most widespread mulberry diseases in China, yet limited information exists about its distribution and occurrence.

Objective

To identify the causal agent of grey leaf spot disease in mulberry from six regions of Guangdong province using morphological analysis, high-throughput sequencing, molecular phylogenetic analysis, and pathogenicity testing to aid in practical field management of the disease.

Results

High-throughput sequencing identified Pseudocercospora spp. as the highest proportion fungal species (25.10% abundance). Phylogenetic analyses consistently placed the pathogen within family Mycosphaerellaceae. Complete rDNA and mitochondrial genome sequences were assembled, and PCR primers achieved detection sensitivity as low as 3 × 10⁻² ng/μL. Koch’s postulates confirmed Pseudocercospora mori as the primary causal pathogen.

Conclusion

Pseudocercospora mori was definitively identified as the causal agent of grey leaf spot disease in mulberry through integrated morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence. The developed detection methods and findings provide practical tools for field-level management of mulberry leaf spot disease and support sustainable sericulture development.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Plant Science,
  • Study Type:Descriptive/Diagnostic Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40978795, PMCID: PMC12443802
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