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Identification and Functional Characterization of a Novel Immunomodulatory Protein from Morchella conica SH

Summary

Scientists have discovered a new protein from the edible morel mushroom that shows promising anti-cancer and immune-regulating properties. This research demonstrates how natural compounds from mushrooms could be developed into potential therapeutic treatments. Impact on everyday life: – Could lead to new natural cancer treatments with fewer side effects – May help develop better anti-inflammatory medications – Shows potential for creating new health supplements from edible mushrooms – Could increase the commercial value of morel mushrooms – Demonstrates new ways to utilize natural food products for medical purposes

Background

Edible mushrooms are known for their nutritional value and medicinal properties, including antitumor, immunomodulating, antiviral, and hepatoprotective activities. Fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) are small proteins that possess immunomodulatory functions and have shown potential applications in anti-tumor, anti-anaphylactic, and immunomodulatory activities. Morels (Morchella spp.) are precious rare edible fungi valued for their taste and nutrients, but molecular studies on their bioactive components are limited.

Objective

To identify and characterize a novel fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP-mco) from Morchella conica SH and evaluate its biological activities including anti-tumor and immunomodulatory effects.

Results

The study identified FIP-mco as a novel immunomodulatory protein belonging to a new branch of the FIP family. The recombinant protein significantly suppressed A549 and HepG2 cell proliferation at 15 and 5 μg/ml respectively, and inhibited cell migration and invasion. The protein induced G0/G1 to S-phase arrest and increased apoptosis in cancer cells. FIP-mco significantly reduced the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 through suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Conclusion

FIP-mco represents a novel immunomodulatory protein with significant anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties. The protein shows promise as an effective therapeutic agent for cancer treatment and medical applications, with potential uses in healthcare and food industries.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Immunology,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.559770
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