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Identification and Characterization of Bacillus tequilensis GYUN-300: An Antagonistic Bacterium Against Red Pepper Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in Korea

Summary

This research identified a beneficial bacteria called Bacillus tequilensis GYUN-300 that can naturally control a destructive fungal disease affecting red pepper crops. The bacteria works by directly inhibiting the disease-causing fungus and helping plants defend themselves. This discovery offers farmers an environmentally-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides. Impacts on everyday life: • Provides a safer, chemical-free option for protecting food crops • Could lead to reduced pesticide residues on vegetables • Helps maintain stable pepper production for consistent food supply • Contributes to more sustainable farming practices • May reduce farming costs compared to chemical treatments

Background

Anthracnose is a fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum species that severely affects many crops including red pepper. The disease causes serious losses in fruits during pre- and post-harvest stages. Chemical fungicides are commonly used but have led to resistance development and environmental concerns, creating a need for biological control alternatives.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the potential efficacy of Bacillus tequilensis GYUN-300, isolated from sanghwang mushroom, as a biocontrol agent against red pepper anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum under in vitro and field conditions. Additionally, the study sought to analyze its complete genome sequence to determine genomic characteristics among other Bacillus strains.

Results

GYUN-300 showed strong inhibitory effects against C. acutatum mycelial growth and spore germination under in vitro conditions. The strain produced various lytic enzymes, siderophores, and demonstrated phosphate solubilization ability. In field conditions, GYUN-300 treatment by foliar spray showed only 14% disease incidence compared to higher rates in control treatments. The complete genome analysis revealed a 4.22 Mb chromosome with 4,789 protein-coding sequences and various genes related to antimicrobial compound production.

Conclusion

B. tequilensis GYUN-300 demonstrated effective control of red pepper anthracnose through multiple mechanisms including direct antagonism and induced resistance. The strain showed better performance than chemical treatments and other biological controls in field conditions, suggesting its potential as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fungicides for managing red pepper anthracnose.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Microbiology,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.826827
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