MYCOLab Ai Logo - gold and army green

High-Yield-Related Genes Participate in Mushroom Production

Summary

Scientists have identified specific genes that control how mushrooms grow and produce fruit bodies. By using advanced gene-editing technology like CRISPR-Cas9, researchers can now increase mushroom yields by 20-65%, offering a faster and more efficient alternative to traditional breeding methods. This breakthrough could help meet the world’s growing demand for mushrooms while making farming more sustainable and economical for growers globally.

Background

Global mushroom production has increased substantially, growing from 24.977 million tons in 2010 to 42.7929 million tons in 2020, with annual growth exceeding 8%. However, traditional breeding methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unpredictable, creating challenges in developing high-yield varieties to meet market demands.

Objective

This review examines high-yield-related genes across four categories of mushroom growth stages and discusses modern molecular biology techniques including RNA interference (RNAi), gene editing, and CRISPR-Cas9 technology for precise modification of target genes to enhance mushroom yield.

Results

Key genes such as Chitinase, Glucanase, Laccase, and Hydrophobin promote mycelial growth; MAC and Laccase genes promote primordium formation; Lysine methyltransferase and Fasciclin-like protein 1 promote button germination; and multiple genes including Heat shock protein promote fruiting body development. Gene overexpression or suppression can increase yields by 20-65% depending on the gene and mushroom species.

Conclusion

Combining omics technologies and artificial intelligence with RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing provides a practical approach for screening and modifying high-yield genes. This molecular biology-based breeding strategy offers a more efficient alternative to traditional methods, with potential to significantly enhance mushroom productivity and economic returns for the global mushroom industry.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: PMID: 39590686, DOI: 10.3390/jof10110767
Scroll to Top