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Glucose Counteracts Wood-Dependent Induction of Lignocellulolytic Enzyme Secretion in Monokaryon and Dikaryon Submerged Cultures of the White-Rot Basidiomycete Pleurotus ostreatus

Summary

This research examined how oyster mushroom fungi regulate their production of wood-degrading enzymes. The study found that when wood is present, the fungi produce more enzymes for breaking down plant material, but when glucose (sugar) is available, they reduce production of these enzymes. This helps us understand how fungi efficiently break down plant waste materials. Impacts on everyday life: • Improved understanding of fungal enzymes could lead to more efficient biofuel production • Better knowledge of wood decay processes can help develop wood preservation methods • Understanding fungal enzyme regulation could enhance industrial enzyme production • This research supports development of more sustainable waste treatment processes • Insights could help improve mushroom cultivation techniques

Background

Lignocellulose is a major reservoir of organic carbon on Earth and can be a source of starting molecules for biofuels and biorefinery compounds. White-rot fungi like Pleurotus ostreatus are capable of degrading all components of plant cell walls through secreted enzymes. Understanding how these fungi regulate enzyme secretion is crucial for biotechnology applications.

Objective

To analyze how glucose and wood substrates affect the secretion of lignocellulolytic enzymes in P. ostreatus, and to determine differences between monokaryotic and dikaryotic strains in their secretome profiles. The study aimed to understand regulation of protein secretion by wood and glucose, and examine effects of nuclear condition on secretome complexity.

Results

790 proteins were identified across all secretomes, representing 278 unique proteins when accounting for alleles. Wood induced higher secretome complexity compared to glucose cultures. Glucose repressed secretion of enzymes involved in cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin degradation but did not affect redox enzymes or proteases. The monokaryotic strain mkPC15 showed higher secretome complexity despite slower growth. Glycoside hydrolases were the largest protein group found in wood cultures, while their abundance decreased with glucose present.

Conclusion

The secretion of enzymes involved in cellulose and hemicellulose degradation is induced by wood and repressed by glucose in P. ostreatus. This regulation is selective since other enzyme systems like redox enzymes and proteases were not influenced by the carbon source. Secretome complexity was higher with wood than glucose but was not associated with the dikaryotic condition, rather depending on strain-specific genetic characteristics.
  • Published in:Scientific Reports,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.1038/s41598-020-68969-1
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