Global Distribution, Traditional and Modern Detection, Diagnostic, and Management Approaches of Rhizoctonia solani Associated with Legume Crops

Author: mycolabadmin
2023-02-06
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Summary

This research reviews how a destructive fungal pathogen called Rhizoctonia solani affects important food crops like soybeans, peas, and beans worldwide. The study examines different ways to detect and control this plant disease that causes significant crop losses. Impacts on everyday life: • Food Security – By reducing crop losses to this pathogen, more food can be produced to feed growing populations • Food Prices – Better disease control helps stabilize food prices by maintaining consistent crop yields • Sustainable Agriculture – Improved detection methods help farmers use fewer chemical pesticides • Environmental Protection – Advanced diagnostic tools enable more targeted and environmentally-friendly disease management • Farmer Livelihoods – More effective disease control methods help protect farmers’ income and economic stability

Background

Sustainable food production and security are critical for development. Legume crops play an important role in food security and agricultural sustainability by providing protein, fiber, and other nutrients. However, legume production has been significantly impacted by the destructive fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, which causes various diseases including blights, damping off, and rotting diseases in legume crops worldwide. R. solani is estimated to cause 20% average annual yield losses in legumes, with losses sometimes reaching 30-60% or complete crop failure.

Objective

This review aims to comprehensively examine and synthesize current knowledge regarding: 1) The global distribution of R. solani on major legume crops, 2) Detection, diagnosis and management approaches for R. solani diseases, including traditional, biochemical, molecular, genomic, transcriptomic and next-generation sequencing methods, 3) Disease management strategies and resistance sources against R. solani in legume crops.

Results

The review found that R. solani is present in all major legume-growing regions globally, causing significant crop losses. Traditional detection methods, while commonly used, have limitations in sensitivity and reliability. Molecular methods allow more precise identification but have some technical challenges. Next-generation sequencing and other advanced approaches are emerging as powerful new tools. Various management strategies including cultural, biological and chemical controls show promise, though integrated approaches are likely needed.

Conclusion

R. solani remains a serious pathogen affecting legume production worldwide. While various detection and management approaches exist, each has limitations. Recent advances in genomics and other ‘omics’ technologies offer new opportunities for studying legume-R. solani interactions and developing improved detection and control strategies. Future research using these advanced methods will likely provide better understanding of the pathogen and lead to more effective management approaches.

Published in:Frontiers in Microbiology,
Study Type:Review,
Source: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1091288