Genomic Discovery of the Hypsin Gene and Biosynthetic Pathways for Terpenoids in Hypsizygus marmoreus

Author: mycolabadmin
2018-11-01
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Summary

This research decoded the genetic blueprint of the beech mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus), a popular edible mushroom in Asian cuisine. The study revealed the genes responsible for producing beneficial compounds that give this mushroom its medicinal properties. Understanding these genes helps explain how the mushroom makes natural compounds that can fight cancer cells and harmful microbes. Impacts on everyday life: • Helps develop better cultivation methods for growing more nutritious mushrooms • Enables potential development of new natural medicines from mushroom compounds • Improves our understanding of how mushrooms produce health-beneficial substances • Could lead to more efficient production of mushroom-based therapeutic compounds • Supports the development of improved mushroom varieties with enhanced medicinal properties

Background

Hypsizygus marmoreus (Beech mushroom) is a popular edible mushroom in Asian cuisine with various medicinal properties including antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal effects. Several bioactive molecules have been identified from this mushroom, including the terpenoid compound hypsiziprenol A9 which inhibits cell cycle progression in liver cancer cells, and hypsin, a thermostable ribosome-inactivating protein with antifungal and antiproliferative properties. However, the genetic basis and biosynthetic pathways for these compounds remained unknown.

Objective

This study aimed to sequence and analyze the genome of H. marmoreus to understand its bioactivity at the genomic level and elucidate the genetic basis of its bioactive compound production. The specific goals were to identify the hypsin gene and characterize the biosynthetic pathways for terpenoid compounds.

Results

The final genome assembly was 42.7 Mbp in length and contained 16,627 predicted gene models. A putative hypsin gene (Hypma_04324) was identified with 75% sequence identity to the known N-terminal sequence. The genome contained typical white-rot fungal features with enriched lignocellulose-degrading enzymes. Four terpene synthase genes were identified that belonged to different clades, suggesting their involvement in synthesizing different terpene structures. A well-conserved terpene synthase gene cluster was found across Agaricomycetes genomes, containing known biosynthesis and regulatory genes.

Conclusion

The genome sequencing and analysis led to the discovery of the hypsin gene and revealed the conserved gene cluster for terpenoid biosynthesis. These findings advance our understanding of the biosynthesis of medicinal bioactive molecules in this edible mushroom and provide a foundation for future studies on mushroom bioactive compounds.

Published in:BMC Genomics,
Study Type:Genomic Analysis,
Source: 10.1186/s12864-018-5159-y