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Genome-Wide SSR Markers Reveal Genetic Diversity and Establish a Core Collection for Commercial Hypsizygus marmoreus Germplasm

Summary

Researchers developed a streamlined genetic database for beech mushrooms (H. marmoreus) by analyzing 57 strains and identifying genetic markers. They selected 24 representative strains that capture all the genetic diversity of the larger collection, making breeding programs more efficient. Each strain received a unique molecular ID code similar to a genetic barcode for easy identification and authentication in commercial breeding and cultivation.

Background

Hypsizygus marmoreus is a commercially important edible mushroom cultivated globally, with increasing demand for superior varieties. Limited genetic diversity constrains variety improvement and disease resistance development. Establishing a core germplasm collection is essential for effective management and sustainable utilization of genetic resources.

Objective

To develop a core germplasm repository for H. marmoreus using SSR molecular markers to capture genetic diversity with minimal sample size, establish molecular identification codes, and assess agronomic traits for breeding program applications.

Results

A total of 115 distinct alleles were identified with genetic similarity coefficients ranging from 0.70 to 1.00. Strains clustered into five groups at 0.76 similarity threshold. A core collection of 24 accessions (42.11% of original) retained full allelic diversity and preserved genetic and phenotypic variability. Unique DNA molecular ID codes with QR functionality were successfully developed.

Conclusion

The established core germplasm collection effectively represents the genetic diversity of H. marmoreus with practical efficiency for breeding programs. The molecular identification system provides reliable traceability and authentication for germplasm resources. Findings provide valuable foundation for variety improvement and development of independently bred commercial varieties.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Genomic characterization and resource development study,
  • Source: 10.3390/jof11120842, PMID: 41440668
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