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Genome Sequence, Comparative Genome Analysis, and Expression Profiling of the Chitinase GH18 Gene Family in Cordyceps javanica Bd01

Summary

Scientists sequenced the complete genome of Cordyceps javanica, a fungus used to control pest insects. They discovered that this fungus has an expanded family of 27 chitinase genes (GH18), which are enzymes that help the fungus penetrate insect exoskeletons. These genes show strong evolutionary conservation and stability, making them valuable for developing more effective natural pesticides and understanding how fungal biocontrol agents work.

Background

Cordyceps javanica is an entomopathogenic fungus with broad-spectrum insecticidal efficacy against multiple arthropod species. Chitinases are critical virulence factors that mediate fungal pathogenesis through cuticle degradation. The molecular machinery underlying chitinolytic activity in C. javanica remains poorly characterized.

Objective

To reveal chitinase GH18 gene family expansion through high-throughput genome sequencing of C. javanica strain Bd01 isolated from Xylotrechus quadripes larvae. To characterize the phylogenetic relationships, structural features, and functional properties of GH18 genes through comparative genomics and computational analysis.

Results

The 34 Mb genome contained 9590 protein-coding genes with expanded GH18 chitinase family (27 genes). GH18 genes were categorized into three distinct phylogenetic groups with conserved domains and shared protein motifs. Molecular mass ranged from 14.03-81.41 kDa with pI values of 4.40-7.92; most were extracellular, hydrophilic, thermostable proteins with negative charge and favorable stability profiles.

Conclusion

The annotated GH18 chitinase repertoire establishes a genomic framework for understanding functional diversity and evolutionary patterns of virulence-associated genes. Findings provide biochemical parameters for protein purification, structural blueprints for functional prediction, and insights into entomopathogenic mechanisms relevant to biocontrol development.
  • Published in:International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
  • Study Type:Genomic Analysis, Comparative Genome Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40076665
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