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GC-MS-Based Nontargeted and Targeted Metabolic Profiling Identifies Changes in the Lentinula edodes Mycelial Metabolome Under High-Temperature Stress

Summary

This research examined how shiitake mushrooms respond to high temperatures at a molecular level, comparing two different strains to understand why some are more heat-resistant than others. The findings help explain why mushroom crops often fail during hot weather and could lead to developing more heat-tolerant varieties. Impacts on everyday life: – Better understanding of why mushroom crops fail in hot weather – Potential development of heat-resistant mushroom varieties for more reliable cultivation – Improved mushroom farming techniques in warm climates – More stable mushroom supply for consumers – Reduced crop losses for mushroom farmers

Background

Lentinula edodes (L. edodes), known as dried mushrooms or the Queen of Mushrooms, is the second largest edible fungus globally and one of China’s major commercially produced fungi. It is a medium- and low-temperature fructifying mushroom with optimal mycelial growth at 24-27°C, dying at temperatures above 38°C. High summer temperatures in production areas seriously damage L. edodes, causing ‘fungus burning phenomenon’ where mycelium becomes yellow or stops growing, significantly affecting yield.

Objective

To clarify the physiological mechanism of L. edodes response to high-temperature stress by comparing two strains with different heat tolerances, and to establish a targeted GC-MS-based metabolomics workflow for analyzing changes in the L. edodes mycelial metabolome under high-temperature conditions.

Results

The study identified 74 and 108 differential metabolites in strains 18 and 18N44 respectively. KEGG analysis revealed significant changes in amino acid metabolism, glycolysis pathway, TCA cycle, and sugar metabolism pathways. Most amino acids and carbohydrates were upregulated in strain 18 but downregulated in strain 18N44. High temperature led to decreased intermediate products in glycolysis and TCA cycle, resulting in carbon starvation and insufficient energy metabolism.

Conclusion

High temperatures primarily affect amino acid metabolism, glycolysis pathway, TCA cycle, and sugar metabolism in L. edodes. While both strains produce similar metabolites under heat stress, strain 18N44 showed greater sensitivity to high temperatures. The decreased intermediate products in key metabolic pathways led to carbon starvation and energy deficiency, inhibiting L. edodes growth. This research provides insights for understanding heat stress response mechanisms and developing heat-resistant strains.
  • Published in:International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/ijms20092330
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