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Fungal peritonitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis caused by Hyphopichia burtonii: A rare pathogen in human infection

Summary

A woman undergoing peritoneal dialysis for kidney failure developed a serious fungal infection caused by a rare yeast called Hyphopichia burtonii. Doctors identified the infection using advanced laboratory techniques and treated her with antifungal medication after removing her dialysis catheter. She recovered well and switched to a different type of dialysis. This case highlights how unusual fungi can cause infections in patients with weakened kidney function.

Background

Fungal peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients is rare but associated with high morbidity and mortality. While Candida species are the most common causative agents, unusual fungi are increasingly reported. Hyphopichia burtonii is typically associated with food spoilage and has rarely been reported in human infections.

Objective

To describe a case of peritonitis caused by Hyphopichia burtonii in a patient with end-stage renal disease on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and discuss its clinical management.

Results

Hyphopichia burtonii was identified within 36 hours of culture using MALDI-TOF. The patient was treated with fluconazole 200 mg intravenously every 12 hours for 14 days total, the peritoneal catheter was removed, and hemodialysis was initiated. The patient showed marked symptom improvement and was discharged in stable condition.

Conclusion

Early identification through molecular diagnostics and timely intervention including catheter removal and antifungal therapy is critical for successful treatment of rare fungal peritonitis. This case highlights the importance of considering non-Candida fungi in peritonitis cases and following established guidelines for management.
  • Published in:Medical Mycology Case Reports,
  • Study Type:Case Report,
  • Source: PMID: 40170764, DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2025.100699
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