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Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides exhibit potent antioxidant and anti-pyroptotic properties in diabetes-associated periodontitis: A preliminary in vitro study

Summary

Researchers studied a compound from the Flammulina velutipes mushroom (enoki mushroom) to see if it could help protect gum tissue in people with both diabetes and gum disease. Using human gum cell samples exposed to disease-simulating conditions, they found that the mushroom polysaccharides reduced cell damage, decreased inflammation, and prevented a harmful type of cell death called pyroptosis. The results suggest this mushroom compound could potentially be used as a supplementary treatment for people with diabetes-related gum disease.

Background

Diabetes-associated periodontitis (DAP) is characterized by elevated oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory responses. There is a bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontitis. Although Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, their specific role in DAP remains uncertain.

Objective

To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of FVP against advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

Results

FVP exhibited minimal cytotoxicity and significantly restored cell survival, migration, and wound healing capacity in AGEs/LPS-treated HGFs. FVP reduced intracellular ROS levels and decreased p16 expression. FVP inhibited pyroptosis markers (ASC, NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β) and dramatically decreased IL-6 and IL-8 production.

Conclusion

FVP demonstrates significant protective effects on HGF damage caused by AGEs and LPS by reversing oxidative stress, poor wound healing, inflammaging, and pyroptosis. These findings suggest FVP could be effective as a therapeutic or adjuvant treatment for DAP.
  • Published in:Journal of Dental Sciences,
  • Study Type:In vitro experimental study,
  • Source: PMID: 41040561, DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.07.017
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