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Extensive Collection of Psychotropic Mushrooms with Determination of Their Tryptamine Alkaloids

Summary

This research analyzed the chemical composition of various psychedelic mushroom species, measuring the concentrations of different psychoactive compounds. The findings show significant variation in compound levels between different mushroom species and even within the same species, which has important implications for both therapeutic use and safety. Impacts on everyday life: – Helps inform safer therapeutic applications of psychedelic compounds in mental health treatment – Provides crucial data for quality control in clinical research using these compounds – Improves understanding of natural variation in mushroom chemistry for safety considerations – Contributes to the development of standardized therapeutic protocols – Advances knowledge of fungal biochemistry and its potential medical applications

Background

Psychotropic mushrooms containing psilocybin and related tryptamine alkaloids have played important roles in human history and are being investigated for therapeutic applications. However, knowledge of tryptamine content in wild mushroom species remains limited, particularly regarding minor alkaloids like baeocystin and aeruginascin.

Objective

To determine the concentrations of psilocybin (PSB), psilocin (PS), baeocystin (BA), norbaeocystin (NB), and aeruginascin (AE) in a large sample set of mushrooms belonging to genera previously reported to contain psychotropic tryptamines.

Results

Concentrations of five tryptamine alkaloids were determined across multiple species, with many first-time measurements of BA, NB, and AE content. The highest PSB/PS concentrations were found in Psilocybe species, particularly P. serbica var. bohemica with up to 15.54 mg/g PSB. No tryptamines were detected in P. fuscofulva and P. fimetaria collections. Significant variations in alkaloid concentrations were observed both between and within species.

Conclusion

The study revealed high variability in tryptamine concentrations across mushroom species, representing potential overdose risks for consumers. The varied alkaloid profiles could influence therapeutic effects compared to pure psilocybin treatment. The findings highlight the need for further research on minor tryptamine alkaloids in psychotropic mushrooms.
  • Published in:International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
  • Study Type:Chemical Analysis,
  • Source: 10.3390/ijms232214068
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