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Exopolysaccharide from Ganoderma applanatum as a Promising Bioactive Compound with Cytostatic and Antibacterial Properties

Summary

This research examined beneficial compounds called exopolysaccharides produced by the fungus Ganoderma applanatum. These natural substances showed promising medical properties including fighting cancer cells, boosting immune system function, and killing harmful bacteria. The compounds also demonstrated an ability to bind cholesterol and fats, suggesting potential use in treating high cholesterol. Impacts on everyday life: – Could lead to new natural anticancer treatments with fewer side effects – May provide alternative options for controlling cholesterol levels – Offers potential new antibiotics to fight bacterial infections – Demonstrates value of mushrooms as sources of beneficial medical compounds – Shows promise for developing natural immune system boosters

Background

Fungal species belonging to genus Ganoderma are known for producing substances with promising biomedical properties. G. applanatum fruiting bodies are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine as anticancer, immunostimulatory, and antiviral agents. While G. applanatum mycelia contain saponins, flavonoids, cordial glycosides, steroids, and polysaccharides, extracellular polysaccharides from this species remain poorly studied.

Objective

To isolate and characterize extracellular polysaccharides (GpEPS) from G. applanatum culture fluid and evaluate their chemical composition, structure, and biological activities including antimicrobial, antitumor, immunostimulatory, and antioxidative properties. Additionally, to analyze the cholesterol-binding, triglyceride-binding, and glucose-binding capacities of the GpEPS preparation.

Results

The GpEPS extraction yielded 8.13% with 30.3% total carbohydrate content. The preparation showed selective cytotoxicity against SiHa cervical cancer cells (42.8% decrease in viability at 22.88 μg/mL), stimulated TNF-α production by macrophages (752.17 pg/mL), and exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus (17.9 mm inhibition zone). GpEPS demonstrated high cholesterol and triglyceride binding capacity (57.9% and 41.6% respectively after 24h incubation).

Conclusion

The isolated GpEPS preparation exhibited significant anticancer, immunomodulating, and antibacterial properties. The biological activities combined with hypocholesterolemic effects suggest potential for pharmacological applications. The simple and economical production method allows for standardization and quality control in manufacturing.
  • Published in:BioMed Research International,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.1155/2014/743812
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