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Evaluation of the Elemental Composition of Dietary Supplements Containing Iron Available on the Polish Market Using ICP-OES, FAAS and CVAAS Techniques

Summary

Researchers tested 24 iron-containing dietary supplements sold in Poland to check if they contained the amounts of iron and other minerals stated on their labels. They found that most supplements had more iron than claimed, and five exceeded safe levels. The study highlights concerns about inconsistent quality and the need for better oversight of supplement manufacturing to protect consumers, especially pregnant women.

Background

The Polish dietary supplement market is rapidly growing due to increased interest in preventative healthcare. Iron-containing supplements are popular among pregnant women, those with anemia, and individuals seeking preventative health benefits. Quality control of dietary supplements remains a concern as manufacturers must ensure compliance with regulatory frameworks.

Objective

This study evaluated the elemental composition and safety of 24 dietary supplements containing iron available on the Polish market. The objective was to verify mineral content including Fe, Ca, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Mo, and Zn, assess heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb), and compare declared versus actual elemental concentrations.

Results

Significant discrepancies were found between declared and measured elemental content. Iron content exceeded safe levels in five samples, with 20 of 24 supplements showing higher iron than declared. Zinc content exceeded Polish maximum permissible doses in three samples. Heavy metal levels remained within acceptable limits though mercury was detected in supplements from the same manufacturer.

Conclusion

The study reveals inadequate quality control in dietary supplements available on the Polish market, with substantial disparities between labeled and actual elemental content. More rigorous manufacturing controls and frequent regulatory inspections are necessary to ensure consumer safety, particularly for sensitive populations such as pregnant women.
  • Published in:Molecules,
  • Study Type:Analytical/Quality Control Study,
  • Source: 41375109
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