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Dynamic succession of microbial compost communities and functions during Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom cropping on a short composting substrate

Summary

Researchers studied how bacteria and fungi work together when growing oyster mushrooms on composted materials. They found that certain bacteria, particularly Actinomycetales, increase in abundance as mushrooms grow and help break down tough plant materials like cellulose. These bacteria actually help the mushroom grow better, suggesting a cooperative relationship rather than competition. This knowledge could help improve mushroom production efficiency.

Background

Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are cultivated on short composting substrates which conserve energy and reduce infection risk. However, the microbiome and microbial metabolic functions in composting substrates during mushroom cropping remain poorly understood.

Objective

To investigate the dynamic succession of microbial communities and their metabolic functions during oyster mushroom cropping on short composting substrates using metagenomic sequencing.

Results

Hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin were degraded by 42.76%, 34.01%, and 30.18% respectively during cropping. Actinobacteria abundance increased 68% and was positively correlated with oyster mushroom abundance and enzyme activities. Dominant genera belonged to Actinomycetales order, including Cellulosimicrobium, Mycobacterium, Streptomyces, and Saccharomonospora.

Conclusion

Bacteria, especially Actinomycetales, were the primary metabolic participants in the composting substrate. The relationship between oyster mushrooms and bacteria was cooperative, with Actinomycetales functioning as oyster mushroom growth-promoting bacteria (OMGPB).
  • Published in:Frontiers in Microbiology,
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMC9433973, PMID: 36060741, DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.946777
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