Downregulation of Ethylene Production Increases Mycelial Growth and Primordia Formation in Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)

Summary

This research reveals how controlling ethylene, a natural plant hormone, can improve button mushroom growth and development. The findings have important implications for mushroom cultivation and production. Impacts on everyday life: • Could lead to improved mushroom farming techniques • May result in higher mushroom yields for commercial growers • Could help reduce cultivation costs and make mushrooms more affordable • Demonstrates potential for genetic approaches to improve food production • May contribute to more efficient and sustainable mushroom cultivation methods

Background

Ethylene biosynthesis and function in Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom) has been uncertain. Understanding the role of ethylene in mushroom growth and development is important for optimizing cultivation.

Objective

To investigate the role of ethylene in button mushroom growth and development by studying the enzymes and genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, and examining the effects of reduced ethylene production through genetic modification.

Results

The study found that ACS and ACO enzyme activities were detectable and could be inhibited by specific compounds. The two ACS genes showed low sequence similarity, while the ACO gene matched previously known sequences. Antisense ACO transformants showed reduced ACO expression, enzyme activity, and ethylene production. These transformants demonstrated faster growth and normal primordia formation compared to wild-type strains, which failed to develop normally.

Conclusion

Ethylene is synthesized in button mushrooms through the ACC pathway and acts as an inhibitor of mycelial growth and development. Reducing ethylene production through genetic modification can enhance mushroom growth and primordia formation.
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