Diversity and Effect of Trichoderma spp. Associated with Green Mold Disease on Lentinula edodes in China

Author: mycolabadmin
2016-05-04
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Summary

This research examined how different species of mold fungi affect the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms in China. The study identified six different mold species that can damage and kill shiitake mushroom crops, with one species (Trichoderma harzianum) being the most common problem. The research helps explain how these molds attack and damage mushroom production. Impacts on everyday life: • Helps mushroom farmers better understand and potentially combat crop losses • Contributes to maintaining stable supplies and prices of shiitake mushrooms for consumers • Advances understanding of fungal interactions that could be applied to other agricultural challenges • Identifies potential biological control agents that could be used in organic farming • Demonstrates the importance of proper cultivation conditions in mushroom production

Background

Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom) is one of the most important edible mushrooms in China but is heavily affected by green mold disease that overgrows mushroom mycelia. The disease can attack and kill L. edodes mycelia in bed-logs and reduce mushroom yield. While some Trichoderma species have been previously identified as causative agents, the full diversity and distribution of species affecting L. edodes cultivation in China was not well documented.

Objective

To collect and identify Trichoderma species from diseased L. edodes logs in main cultivation regions of China, characterize the pathogens, and study their effects on L. edodes species. Additionally, to analyze mycelial growth under different conditions and examine the interaction between Trichoderma spp. and L. edodes via scanning electron microscopy.

Results

Six Trichoderma species were identified: T. harzianum, T. atroviride, T. viride, T. pleuroticola, T. longibrachiatum, and T. oblongisporum. T. harzianum was the dominant species, accounting for 68% of isolates. In confrontation cultures, L. edodes mycelia were distorted with local swellings and inhibited by Trichoderma isolates. Microscopy showed Trichoderma hyphae coiling around L. edodes hyphae and causing cell rupture. Both species shared similar optimal pH (4-7) and temperature (25°C) growth conditions.

Conclusion

Multiple Trichoderma species affect L. edodes cultivation in China, with T. harzianum being the predominant pathogen. The fungi inhibit L. edodes growth through direct parasitism and metabolite production. Adjusting pH or temperature conditions is unlikely to control the disease since both organisms share similar growth requirements. Further research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms of interaction between these species.

Published in:MicrobiologyOpen,
Study Type:Laboratory Research,
Source: 10.1002/mbo3.364