Discovery or Extinction of New Scleroderma Species in Amazonia?
- Author: mycolabadmin
- 2016-12-21
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Summary
This research discovered three new species of fungi in the Amazon rainforest, highlighting both the incredible biodiversity of this region and the urgent need to study it before human activities like dam construction lead to species extinctions. Two of the newly discovered species may already be extinct due to flooding from dam construction. This work demonstrates how much we still don’t know about life in the Amazon and why protecting it is crucial.
Impacts on everyday life:
• Shows how human development can lead to extinction of species before we even know they exist
• Highlights the importance of conservation efforts in biodiversity hotspots
• Demonstrates the need for balanced approaches between development and environmental protection
• Reveals potential loss of beneficial fungi that could have future applications
• Emphasizes the role of scientific research in documenting and preserving biodiversity
Background
The Amazon Forest is a hotspot of biodiversity harboring an unknown number of undescribed taxa. Inventory studies are urgent, particularly in areas endangered by human activities like extensive dam construction, where species could face extinction before being described. The diversity of macrofungi species in tropical rainforest remains insufficiently known, with only around 1000 species described for Amazon forests.
Objective
To describe and characterize three new species of the genus Scleroderma discovered during intensive studies in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest in 2015.
Results
Three new species of Scleroderma were discovered and described: S. anomalosporum, S. camassuense and S. duckei. S. anomalosporum is characterized by smooth spores under LM in mature basidiomata and large basidiomata size. S. camassuense is distinguished by irregular to stellate dehiscence, subreticulated spores and bright sulfur-yellow color. S. duckei is characterized by verrucose exoperidium, stelliform dehiscence, and verrucose spores.
Conclusion
The Amazon Forest contains significant undiscovered fungal biodiversity. Two of the newly described species were found in areas now flooded by dam construction and may already be extinct. This highlights the urgent need for inventory studies in endangered areas before species are lost to human activities. The results support the Amazon Forest’s designation as a biodiversity hotspot with many taxa still unknown to science.
- Published in:PLoS One,
- Study Type:Original Research,
- Source: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167879