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Detection and diagnostic process of liver abscess secondary to chemotherapy by mucor indicus in a patient with acute leukemic disease: case report

Summary

A 60-year-old man with acute leukemia developed a serious fungal infection in his liver caused by Mucor indicus after receiving chemotherapy that weakened his immune system. Doctors identified the infection through tissue samples and genetic testing, then treated him successfully with antifungal medications amphotericin B and posaconazole. This case highlights the importance of early detection and proper diagnosis of rare fungal infections in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Background

Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection with high morbidity and mortality rates, typically seen in severely immunocompromised patients. Clinical adult hepatic mucormycosis is extremely rare, with no cases of isolated hepatic mucormycosis previously reported in China.

Objective

To report a case of liver abscess caused by Mucor indicus secondary to chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression in a patient with acute leukemia. The goal is to improve clinical detection and diagnosis of hepatic mucormycosis and reduce missed diagnoses in future clinical encounters.

Results

A 60-year-old male with acute leukemia developed liver abscess, lung infection, and pleural effusion during chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. ITS gene sequencing confirmed Mucor indicus infection with >99% similarity. Treatment with amphotericin B and posaconazole resulted in resolution of symptoms and normalization of liver function.

Conclusion

Isolated hepatic mucormycosis is rare but can occur in immunocompromised patients. Collaboration between clinical and laboratory departments with high index of suspicion is crucial for early diagnosis. Amphotericin B combined with posaconazole is effective treatment for hepatic mucormycosis.
  • Published in:BMC Infectious Diseases,
  • Study Type:Case Report,
  • Source: PMID: 40597755, DOI: 10.1186/s12879-025-11192-y
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