Cultivation Studies of Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms: Successful Establishment of Ectomycorrhizal Associations In Vitro and Efficient Production of Fruiting Bodies
- Author: mycolabadmin
- 2022-09-20
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Summary
This research explores methods for cultivating valuable edible mushrooms that normally only grow in forests. The study focuses on developing techniques to grow these mushrooms under controlled conditions by establishing relationships between the fungi and tree roots. Here’s how this impacts everyday life:
• Could lead to commercial cultivation of expensive wild mushrooms, making them more affordable and accessible
• Helps preserve natural forest mushroom populations by reducing harvesting pressure
• Provides potential economic opportunities for farmers through mushroom cultivation
• Advances our understanding of how to manage forest ecosystems for sustainable mushroom production
• Could improve food security by developing new methods for producing high-value food crops
Background
Most edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms like truffles, chanterelles, porcinis, saffron milk caps, and matsutake are traditionally harvested from forests or controlled tree plantations. These mushrooms have high economic value globally, with annual sales estimated at several billion dollars. While some species like truffles have been successfully cultivated in tree plantations, others still rely on forest harvesting due to lack of established cultivation techniques.
Objective
This study aimed to explore recent advances in in vitro ectomycorrhizal cultivation of chanterelles and matsutakes, focusing on successful establishment of ectomycorrhizal seedlings and subsequent manipulation for efficient fruiting body production.
Results
Pure cultures of C. anzutake were successfully established and produced fruiting bodies under controlled laboratory conditions when in symbiosis with pine and oak seedlings. For T. matsutake, while ectomycorrhizal seedlings were successfully established and shiro structures of approximately 1L volume were achieved in two years under controlled conditions, fruiting bodies have not yet been produced in controlled settings.
Conclusion
The study demonstrates significant progress in cultivation techniques for edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms, particularly for C. anzutake. While T. matsutake cultivation remains challenging, new insights into shiro structure development and genetic diversity management offer promising directions for future cultivation efforts. Success in controlled cultivation depends on proper manipulation of different fungal cell types and understanding specific host-fungus interactions.
- Published in:Mycoscience,
- Study Type:Experimental Research Review,
- Source: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.08.004