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Complete genome analysis and antimicrobial mechanism of Bacillus velezensis GX0002980 reveals its biocontrol potential against mango anthracnose disease

Summary

Researchers found a beneficial bacterium called Bacillus velezensis that can effectively fight the fungus causing brown spots on mangoes. The bacterium produces natural antibiotic compounds that kill the disease-causing fungus and can be sprayed on mangoes to keep them fresh longer during storage. This discovery offers a safer, eco-friendly alternative to harsh chemical fungicides for protecting the mango harvest.

Background

Mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides significantly affects mango yield and quality during post-harvest storage. Chemical fungicides are commonly used but pose environmental and health risks. Bacillus species have shown promise as biocontrol agents producing multiple antimicrobial compounds.

Objective

To isolate and characterize a biocontrol bacterium against C. gloeosporioides and analyze its antimicrobial mechanisms through whole-genome sequencing and metabolite identification. The study aims to develop an effective biological control strategy for mango anthracnose.

Results

B. velezensis GX0002980 showed 70.98% inhibition rate against C. gloeosporioides in vitro and 52% control efficiency in post-harvest mangoes. Genome analysis revealed 14 secondary metabolite synthesis gene clusters including surfactin, fengycin, bacilysin, and difficidin. LC-MS identified surfactin, bacilysin, and butirosin A as main antimicrobial compounds. The strain also demonstrated plant-growth-promoting traits including nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization.

Conclusion

B. velezensis GX0002980 possesses multiple biocontrol mechanisms against mango anthracnose through production of various antimicrobial secondary metabolites and hydrolytic enzymes. The strain effectively suppresses post-harvest disease development and extends mango storage time. These findings support the potential application of GX0002980 as a biological control agent for mango anthracnose management.
  • Published in:Microbiology Spectrum,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40237490, DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02685-24
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