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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Identified Candidate Genes Related to Bailinggu Mushroom Formation and Genetic Markers for Genetic Analyses and Breeding

Summary

This research studied the genetic basis of how Bailinggu mushrooms develop and grow, which is important for improving mushroom cultivation. The scientists identified key genes that control mushroom formation and developed genetic tools to help breed better mushroom varieties. This has several practical implications: • Better understanding of how to control mushroom growth conditions like temperature and light to improve cultivation • Development of new tools to breed mushroom varieties with desired traits like higher yields or better quality • Improved ability to preserve and utilize wild mushroom genetic resources for breeding programs • More efficient commercial mushroom production through optimized growing conditions • Enhanced capacity to develop new mushroom varieties adapted to different growing environments

Background

Bailinggu (Pleurotus tuoliensis) is a major commercially cultivated mushroom used for nutritional, medicinal and industrial applications. Found naturally in China and Iran, it was first cultivated in China in 1997 and is now widely grown in China, Japan and Korea. While various substrates can be used to cultivate it, environmental factors like low temperature and appropriate light conditions are required to trigger fruiting. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its substrate utilization and fruiting body formation remain largely unknown.

Objective

To identify genes regulating fruiting body development in Bailinggu mushroom and develop EST-SSR markers for assessing genetic value of breeding materials through comparative transcriptomic analysis during different developmental stages.

Results

The study identified genes and pathways involved in mushroom formation, including transcription factors like MADS-box genes and genes involved in cell cycle, meiosis, and MAPK signaling. The most pronounced changes in gene expression occurred during the vegetative-to-reproductive transition. They developed 26 polymorphic EST-SSR markers that showed high transferability in related species. Genetic population structure analysis indicated that China’s Bailinggu has low introgression with related varieties and likely evolved independently.

Conclusion

The research identified key genes and molecular mechanisms regulating Bailinggu mushroom development and provided new genetic markers and germplasm resources to enhance breeding programs. The findings suggest Bailinggu from China potentially originated from different ancestors than related varieties and evolved independently.
  • Published in:Scientific Reports,
  • Study Type:Comparative Transcriptome Analysis,
  • Source: 10.1038/s41598-017-08049-z
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