Comparative Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits of Different Pleurotus giganteus Germplasm Resources

Author: mycolabadmin
2/8/2024
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Summary

Scientists studied 15 different varieties of giant oyster mushrooms to understand their growth characteristics and quality traits. They tested how fast the mushroom threads grow at different temperatures, measured the size and weight of the mushrooms produced, and calculated how efficiently each variety converts growing material into edible mushrooms. Strain No. 9 performed best with the largest yields and highest quality mushrooms, while different strains showed distinct characteristics that could be used to develop superior commercial varieties.

Background

Pleurotus giganteus (giant oyster mushroom) is an increasingly popular edible macrofungi with significant nutritional and medicinal value. The species is rich in proteins with essential amino acids comprising 43% of total amino acids, along with bioactive compounds including polysaccharides and triterpenoids. Currently, there is a lack of DUS (distinctness, uniformity, and stability) test guidelines for variety evaluation and unclear germplasm resources.

Objective

This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of agronomic traits in 15 Pleurotus giganteus strains collected from different provinces in China. The objectives were to evaluate mycelial performance, fruiting body characteristics, and biological efficiency to establish a foundation for DUS test guidelines and variety protection.

Results

Most strains showed optimal mycelial growth between 24-28°C with significant differences in growth rates and temperature adaptability. Mushroom yields ranged from 103.37 to 275.76 g/bag, with individual mushroom weight showing the highest coefficient of variation (18.70%). Strain No. 9 demonstrated superior performance with 275.76 g/bag yield and 15.61% biological efficiency. Cluster analysis grouped the 15 strains into four clusters with distinct agronomic characteristics.

Conclusion

The study demonstrated high abundance and agronomic diversity in P. giganteus germplasm resources, with significant differences in morphological traits and yield performance among strains. Individual mushroom weight, stipe length, and pileus weight were positively associated with high yield. The findings provide fundamental data for formulating DUS test guidelines and support breeding of high-quality cultivars with improved yield and production adaptability.

Published in:Life (Basel),
Study Type:Comparative Experimental Study,
Source: 10.3390/life14020238, PMC10890421, PMID: 38398747