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Chemical Profiling of Streptomyces sp. Al-Dhabi-2 Recovered from an Extreme Environment in Saudi Arabia as a Novel Drug Source for Medical and Industrial Applications

Summary

This research discovered a heat-loving bacteria from hot springs in Saudi Arabia that produces compounds that can kill harmful microorganisms. The findings are significant because they could lead to new antibiotics and other medical treatments. Impact on everyday life: – Could provide new treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections – May lead to development of more stable medications that can withstand high temperatures – Could help advance industrial processes requiring heat-stable compounds – Demonstrates the value of exploring extreme environments for beneficial compounds

Background

Saudi Arabia has several geothermal hot springs that harbor thermophilic bacteria and archaea. These extremophile microorganisms, particularly thermophilic actinobacteria, have gained notable interest due to their ability to produce bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications. The genus Streptomyces is known for producing various bioactive compounds including antibiotics, but detailed studies of Streptomyces species from Saudi Arabian extreme environments are rare.

Objective

To isolate and characterize thermophilic actinobacteria from sediment samples collected from thermal springs in Saudi Arabia, and investigate their potential as sources of novel antimicrobial compounds. The study aimed to identify the strain at cultural, physiological, and molecular levels, and evaluate its biological parameters and antibiotic sensitivity.

Results

The isolated strain Al-Dhabi-2 was identified as Streptomyces species, showing optimal growth at 50°C. The ethyl acetate extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against various pathogens, with MIC values ranging from <0.039 to 0.625 mg/ml. GC-MS analysis revealed several bioactive compounds including acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester (10.45%), benzene acetic acid (7.81%), and other compounds with potential therapeutic properties.

Conclusion

The thermophilic Streptomyces strain Al-Dhabi-2 isolated from Saudi Arabian hot springs shows promising antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. The strain produces multiple bioactive compounds and represents a potential source for novel drug development for medical and industrial applications.
  • Published in:Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.03.009
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