Characterization of Species of Cladobotryum Which Cause Cobweb Disease in Edible Mushrooms Grown in Korea

Summary

This research investigated fungal diseases affecting commercially grown mushrooms in Korea. Scientists studied two species of fungi that cause cobweb disease, which can severely damage mushroom crops and lead to economic losses. The study revealed how these fungi grow and spread between different types of mushrooms, which is crucial information for mushroom farmers. Impacts on everyday life: • Helps protect the commercial mushroom industry and maintain stable supply of mushrooms to consumers • Provides knowledge to improve disease control methods in mushroom farming • Contributes to food security by helping prevent crop losses • Supports sustainable agricultural practices through better understanding of plant diseases

Background

Cobweb disease, caused by several species of Cladobotryum, affects mushrooms worldwide and causes economic losses. The disease is characterized by coarse mycelium growth over affected mushrooms. In Korea, various mushrooms including Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus eryngii, Flammulina velutipes and Hypsizygus marmoreus are commercially cultivated, with C. mycophilum and C. varium being the dominant pathogens.

Objective

To investigate Cladobotryum isolates from four different mushroom types based on their morphological and genetic characteristics, and evaluate their cross pathogenic ability. This research aimed to better understand the spread and management of cobweb disease in commercially grown mushrooms.

Results

The isolates were identified as C. mycophilum from A. bisporus and P. eryngii, and C. varium from F. velutipes and H. marmoreus. Optimal growth occurred at 18-22°C, with colony diameters of 47-82mm. C. mycophilum produced yellowish red pigment while C. varium produced cream colored pigment. Cross pathogenicity tests showed C. mycophilum was highly pathogenic to three mushroom types but not H. marmoreus, while C. varium was less pathogenic but could infect all mushroom types tested.

Conclusion

The study confirmed the identity of Cladobotryum isolates through morphological and genetic analysis. C. mycophilum showed greater pathogenicity than C. varium, though C. varium could infect a broader range of hosts. The findings on cross pathogenic ability will help in designing control measures for cobweb disease in year-round mushroom cultivation in Korea.
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