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Characterization of Setophoma henanensis sp. Nov., causing root rot on peanut

Summary

Scientists discovered a new fungus called Setophoma henanensis that causes root rot disease in peanut plants in China. This fungus can also infect corn, wheat, peppers, and onions, making it a concern for farmers. The good news is that existing fungicides used to treat peanut diseases are still effective against this new pathogen.

Background

Peanut root rot is a common disease worldwide causing serious economic losses. In 2021, root rot symptoms were observed in five cities of Henan Province, China. This study aimed to identify and characterize a novel fungal pathogen isolated from diseased peanut roots.

Objective

To identify the Setophoma species associated with peanut root rot in Henan Province using morphological and multilocus phylogenetic analysis. To test pathogenicity, evaluate host range, and assess fungicide sensitivity of the newly identified species.

Results

Isolates were identified as a novel species named Setophoma henanensis. Phylogenetic analysis showed S. henanensis was closely related to S. terrestris but distinct based on genetic and morphological differences. S. henanensis was pathogenic to peanut and four other hosts (corn, wheat, pepper, Welsh onion) and was sensitive to all tested fungicides.

Conclusion

This is the first report of S. henanensis as a pathogen causing peanut root rot worldwide. The wide host range and broad distribution in Henan Province indicate it poses a potential threat to agriculture. The fungicides tested remain effective for controlling this pathogen.
  • Published in:BMC Microbiology,
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40426048, DOI: 10.1186/s12866-025-04057-6
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