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Characterization and Biological Characteristics of Alternaria, Botryosphaeria, Pestalotiopsis, and Trichothecium Species Associated with Postharvest Loquat Fruit Rot in Yunnan, China

Summary

Researchers in China identified four types of fungal pathogens responsible for loquat fruit rot after harvest. These fungi cause different symptoms ranging from ring-shaped spots to soft decay, with infection rates between 4-12%. The study confirmed each pathogen’s ability to cause disease and found that some are more aggressive than others. This research helps growers understand what causes loquat spoilage and suggests that careful handling and cool storage can reduce losses.

Background

Postharvest diseases caused by fungal pathogens significantly threaten fruit quality, storage, and market value. Loquat is an important subtropical fruit crop in China, with Yunnan Province ranking fifth nationally in production. However, the specific fungal pathogens causing postharvest loquat fruit rot in this region remain largely uncharacterized.

Objective

This study aims to identify and characterize the morphological and phylogenetic characteristics of fungal species associated with postharvest loquat fruit rot in Yunnan, China. The research validates Koch’s postulates to confirm pathogenicity and assesses virulence differences among identified species.

Results

Four types of loquat fruit rot were identified with incidence rates of 4-12%. Botryosphaeria dothidea caused ring rot, Trichothecium roseum caused brown spots, Alternaria alternata caused black spots, and Pestalotiopsis kenyana caused soft rot. All species verified Koch’s postulates. Virulence differed among species and isolates, with temperature having greater effect than humidity on A. alternata pathogenicity.

Conclusion

This is the first report of B. dothidea, T. roseum, and P. kenyana causing postharvest loquat fruit rot in Yunnan, China and globally. A. alternata was first identified causing postharvest loquat fruit rot in Yunnan. These findings enhance understanding of postharvest loquat pathogens and underscore the importance of gentle handling and cool storage to minimize infection risks.
  • Published in:Plants (Basel),
  • Study Type:Original Research Study,
  • Source: 10.3390/plants14203201, PMID: 41157758
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