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Biomimetic Catechol-Incorporated Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering of Functional Salivary Glands

Summary

Scientists developed a new synthetic material made from tiny fibers that can grow functional salivary glands in the laboratory. The special fibers, called PAN-C, attract and hold important proteins that naturally help glands develop. When cells are grown on these fibers, they form working gland structures that produce saliva-related proteins, offering hope for treating dry mouth and similar conditions.

Background

Salivary gland dysfunction, such as xerostomia, requires sustainable therapeutic solutions. Current approaches focus on symptom management rather than regeneration. Natural organogenesis of salivary glands successfully orchestrates complex developmental processes through specific biochemical and biomechanical cues.

Objective

This study aims to design a biomimetic scaffold capable of spontaneously replicating salivary gland developmental niche for in vitro generation of functional salivary gland organoids. The researchers sought to create a platform that promotes proliferation, morphogenesis, and functional differentiation of embryonic salivary gland cells.

Results

PAN-C nanofibers spontaneously adsorbed embryonic mesenchyme-derived ECM and growth factors, promoting eSG organoid proliferation and morphogenesis comparable to conventional polycarbonate controls. Transcriptome analysis revealed PAN-C reduced mechanical stress-induced gene expression while promoting proliferation and differentiation. eSG organoids cultured on PAN-C showed substantially higher proportions of functional acinar cells expressing apically localized aquaporin-5 compared to polycarbonate membranes.

Conclusion

PAN-C nanofiber scaffolds effectively mimic salivary gland developmental niche through spontaneous adsorption of ECM and growth factors, providing an economical and effective method for generating functional eSG organoids. This platform demonstrates superior biocompatibility and functionality compared to conventional materials and could enable regenerative approaches for salivary gland dysfunction.
  • Published in:Biomaterials Research,
  • Study Type:In Vitro Study,
  • Source: PMC12218223, PMID: 40606681
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