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Bacillus velezensis CNPMS-22 as biocontrol agent of pathogenic fungi and plant growth promoter

Summary

This research demonstrates that a beneficial bacterium called Bacillus velezensis CNPMS-22 can effectively protect maize plants from fungal diseases caused by Fusarium verticillioides. When used to treat seeds before planting, this bacterium reduced disease symptoms and increased crop yield to levels comparable with chemical fungicides. The bacteria produces natural compounds that kill harmful fungi and promote plant growth, offering a safer and more sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides.

Background

Bacillus velezensis is a ubiquitous bacterium with potent antifungal activity and plant growth promotion capabilities. Multiple strains have gained popularity as biocontrol agents in agriculture, with at least 10 commercial products available on the market. Secondary metabolites and volatile organic compounds produced by B. velezensis exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

Objective

This study investigated the potential of B. velezensis CNPMS-22 as a biocontrol agent against phytopathogenic fungi under diverse experimental conditions and evaluated its plant growth-promoting properties. Genome sequencing and analysis were performed to identify putative genes involved in antifungal activity and plant growth promotion.

Results

CNPMS-22 showed antifungal activity in vitro against all 10 fungi tested, with mycelial growth reduction in both DCP and ISP experiments. Volatile organic compounds altered mycelium coloration in some fungi. Scanning electron microscopy revealed morphological alterations including twisted, wrinkled, and ruptured hyphae in F. verticillioides. Greenhouse and field experiments demonstrated that seed treatment with CNPMS-22 reduced Fusarium symptoms and increased maize productivity.

Conclusion

B. velezensis CNPMS-22 demonstrates significant potential as a bioinoculant for fungal disease control and plant growth promotion. The identification of eight gene clusters for synthesizing lipopeptides and genes for extracellular enzymes, biofilm, and secondary metabolites supports its biocontrol mechanisms. These findings have valuable implications for sustainable crop productivity.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Microbiology,
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40109964
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