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Antiinflammatory and Immunomodulating Properties of Fungal Metabolites

Summary

This research examines how medicinal mushrooms can boost and regulate the immune system. Mushroom compounds can enhance the body’s natural defenses and help fight diseases in several ways. Impact on everyday life: • Mushroom supplements can be taken as natural immune system boosters • These compounds may help prevent and treat various cancers • They offer potential alternatives to conventional medications with fewer side effects • Some mushroom products are already being used successfully in cancer treatment • Regular consumption of medicinal mushrooms may help maintain overall health and prevent disease

Background

Mushrooms have long been used in traditional oriental therapies and are known for their nutritional and medicinal values. Of the estimated 140,000 mushroom species on earth, only about 10% are known, with approximately 700 species possessing significant pharmacological properties. Mushroom extracts are increasingly being sold as dietary supplements, with a global market value of about US$5-6 billion per year.

Objective

To review and discuss current information on the ability of mushroom extracts and isolated metabolites to modulate immune responses, resulting in enhanced innate and acquired disease resistance.

Results

Mushroom metabolites demonstrate distinct immunomodulatory properties through multiple mechanisms. They can stimulate various immune cells including T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells. Different mushroom compounds show varying effects – some activate specific cell types while others have broader immune system impacts. Key compounds like beta-glucans act through multiple cellular receptors including CR3, dectin-1, and toll-like receptors. Several mushroom-derived drugs have been successfully commercialized, particularly in Japan.

Conclusion

Mushroom metabolites represent a vast source of immunomodulating compounds with potential therapeutic applications. Their effects include enhancement of innate and adaptive immunity through multiple cellular targets. While some compounds are already in clinical use, many species remain unstudied. Standardization through submerged culture techniques offers promise for consistent production of therapeutic compounds. Further research is needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms and optimize clinical applications.
  • Published in:Mediators of Inflammation,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: 10.1155/MI.2005.63
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