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Antifungal and other bioactive properties of the volatilome of Streptomyces scabiei

Summary

This research discovered that the bacterium Streptomyces scabiei, which causes common scab disease on potatoes and other root crops, produces a variety of natural chemical compounds that can kill harmful fungi and promote plant growth. Scientists identified 36 different volatile chemicals released by this bacterium, including some previously unknown for their antifungal abilities. These findings suggest that despite being a plant pathogen, this bacterium may actually help protect crops from more dangerous diseases, offering potential for developing natural alternatives to synthetic pesticides.

Background

Volatile compounds (VCs) produced by host-associated bacteria have potential roles in suppressing microbial competitors and facilitating host colonization, yet remain largely unexplored. Streptomyces scabiei 87-22 causes common scab in root and tuber crops but also exhibits antagonistic properties against plant pathogens. This study investigated the volatilome of S. scabiei under culture conditions that inhibited fungal growth.

Objective

To identify and characterize volatile compounds produced by Streptomyces scabiei 87-22 and determine their antifungal and bioactive properties against plant pathogens including Alternaria solani and Gibberella zeae.

Results

36 volatile compounds were identified from S. scabiei metabolic activity, primarily ketones and aromatic compounds. Multiple VCs exhibited antifungal properties including dimethyl trisulfide, 2-heptanone, creosol, and the newly identified antifungal compound 3-penten-2-one. Several VCs were associated with plant growth promotion and systemic resistance induction.

Conclusion

S. scabiei 87-22 produces diverse volatile compounds with antimicrobial, antifungal, plant-protective, and growth-promoting activities. These findings suggest the ecological role of this species is more complex than previously understood, with potential benefits beyond its pathogenic effects on crops.
  • Published in:Applied and Environmental Microbiology,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research Study,
  • Source: 10.1128/aem.00863-25, PMID: 41031835
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