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Anticancer Activity of Solvent Extracts of Hexogonia glabra against Cervical Cancer Cell Lines

Summary

Researchers tested extracts from a wild mushroom species called Hexogonia glabra against cervical cancer cells in the laboratory. The ethanolic extract was most effective, killing cancer cells by triggering apoptosis (programmed cell death) and activating genes that fight cancer. The mushroom extracts showed strong anticancer effects without harming normal cells, suggesting it could be a promising source for developing new cancer drugs.

Background

Cancer remains a major killer disease worldwide, and cervical cancer affects many women annually in India. Mushrooms have been extensively studied as sources of natural bioactive compounds with anticancer properties and lower toxic side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy.

Objective

To evaluate the anticancer activity of three solvent extracts (ethanolic, ethyl acetate, and water) from the wild mushroom Hexogonia glabra against three cervical cancer cell lines: HeLa, SiHa, and CaSki.

Results

All three extracts demonstrated potent anticancer activity with ethanolic extract (EE) showing the highest efficacy. At 150 µg/mL, EE induced apoptosis in 79.23% of HeLa, 75.42% of SiHa, and 76.36% of CaSki cells. EE significantly increased expression of apoptotic genes (Caspase 3, 9, p53) while decreasing anti-apoptotic Bcl2 gene expression and arrested cell cycle at G2/M checkpoint.

Conclusion

All extracts of Hexogonia glabra exhibited significant anticancer activity against cervical cancer cell lines, with ethanolic extract demonstrating the most potent effects. This mushroom represents a valuable source for developing next-generation anticancer therapeutic agents with further investigation warranted for in vivo studies.
  • Published in:Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention,
  • Study Type:In Vitro Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMID: 32711423, DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.7.1977
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