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Anti-Melanogenic Activity of Calocedrus formosana Wood Essential Oil and Its Chemical Composition Analysis

Summary

Researchers tested an essential oil from Taiwan’s precious Calocedrus formosana wood to see if it could lighten skin by blocking melanin production. The oil worked very well at stopping melanin synthesis in laboratory cells, with a compound called thymol being responsible for most of the lightening effect. This natural product could potentially be used in skin whitening cosmetics and offers a safer alternative to synthetic ingredients.

Background

Melanin production is regulated through complex biological processes, and abnormal melanin synthesis leads to hyperpigmentary skin diseases. Calocedrus formosana is a precious wood from Taiwan traditionally used in incense making. Previous studies have shown various compounds from this plant possess anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the anti-melanogenic activity of Calocedrus formosana wood essential oil (CFEO) and identify its bioactive components through in vitro analysis. The research sought to characterize the chemical composition and determine potential applications in skin whitening products.

Results

CFEO exhibited strong tyrosinase inhibition with IC50 of 2.72 µg/mL. Treatment significantly reduced melanin production in dose-dependent manner, with 80 µg/mL CFEO completely inhibiting melanin synthesis. CFEO downregulated TRP-1, TRP-2, and MITF expression. Major compounds identified were α-terpineol (23.47%), shonanic acid (10.45%), and terpinen-4-ol (12.23%), with thymol identified as the primary active ingredient.

Conclusion

CFEO demonstrates significant anti-melanogenic potential through inhibition of MITF and tyrosinase-related proteins. Thymol is the key active compound responsible for the anti-melanogenic effects. CFEO and thymol represent promising candidates for developing natural skin whitening agents for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.
  • Published in:Plants (Basel),
  • Study Type:In vitro Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMID: 35009066
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