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Annotated Checklist of Poroid Hymenochaetoid Fungi in Central Asia: Taxonomic Diversity, Ecological Roles, and Potential Distribution Patterns

Summary

Scientists studied wood-decay fungi found in Central Asia’s mountains and forests, identifying 43 species that help break down wood and sometimes damage trees. These fungi have been used traditionally in medicine for various health benefits. The research used computer models to predict where these fungi are most likely to grow based on temperature, rainfall, and host plant availability, finding that they thrive best in mountainous regions where specific trees and shrubs grow.

Background

Central Asia is a recognized biodiversity hotspot with diverse climate and vegetation, yet its fungal diversity remains poorly documented. Wood-inhabiting basidiomycetes, particularly the Hymenochaetaceae family, are understudied in this region despite their ecological and medicinal significance. This study addresses the gap in knowledge regarding poroid Hymenochaetoid fungi across five Central Asian countries.

Objective

To compile a comprehensive checklist of poroid Hymenochaetoid fungi in Central Asia, investigate their diversity, ecological roles, host preferences, and distribution patterns. The study also aimed to model potential distribution patterns and identify critical environmental variables influencing fungal growth in the region.

Results

The study identified 43 Hymenochaetoid species belonging to 18 genera, with Inonotus, Phellinus, and Phylloporia being the most species-rich. Inonotus hispidus and Phellinus igniarius were the most widespread species. Distribution modeling revealed that host plant density, annual temperature range (Bio7), and mean temperature of warmest quarter (Bio10) were critical variables, with highly suitable habitats comprising 4.52% concentrated in mountainous border regions.

Conclusion

The study provides the first comprehensive checklist and distribution modeling for Hymenochaetoid fungi in Central Asia, demonstrating the region’s significant mycological diversity. The findings emphasize the urgent need for continued mycological research and conservation initiatives, with collected data providing valuable reference for forest health management globally in light of climate change.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi (Basel),
  • Study Type:Descriptive Survey and Habitat Modeling,
  • Source: PMID: 39852456, DOI: 10.3390/jof11010037
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