MYCOLab Ai Logo - gold and army green

An Efficient Microwave Synthesis of 3-Acyl-5-bromoindole Derivatives for Controlling Monilinia fructicola and Botrytis cinerea

Summary

Scientists developed new chemical compounds called indole derivatives that can kill harmful fungi that destroy fruit crops like stone fruits and grapes. These compounds were made using microwave heating, which is faster and more efficient than traditional methods. Testing showed that some of these new compounds were even better at fighting these fungal diseases than current commercial fungicides, offering promise for protecting crops in agriculture.

Background

Indole-containing molecules possess multiple biological applications and present an alternative to address agricultural challenges related to phytopathogen control. Filamentous fungi such as Monilinia fructicola and Botrytis cinerea cause significant fruit rot and economic losses, with increasing resistance to conventional fungicides creating a need for novel antifungal agents.

Objective

To synthesize eleven 3-acyl-5-bromoindole derivatives via microwave-assisted Friedel-Crafts acylation and evaluate their antifungal capacity against M. fructicola and B. cinerea through in vitro assays and molecular docking studies targeting succinate dehydrogenase.

Results

Yields ranged from 44-99%, with linear derivatives achieving higher yields than aromatic ones. Compounds A, B, G, and L inhibited M. fructicola growth, while only A and J showed activity against B. cinerea. Compounds A, B, and G demonstrated favorable binding energies with SDH and improved conidial germination inhibition compared to the parent compound.

Conclusion

Compounds A, B, G, J, and L show promise as candidates for developing novel agrochemicals against plant pathogens. The improved conidial inhibition in acylated derivatives and favorable SDH binding energies suggest potential for future agricultural applications in controlling brown rot and gray mold diseases.
  • Published in:International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: PMID: 41009710
Scroll to Top