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Addition of Vegetable Oil to Improve Triterpenoids Production in Liquid Fermentation of Medicinal Fungus Antrodia cinnamomea

Summary

This research found that adding corn oil to the liquid fermentation of medicinal mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea significantly improved the production of valuable medicinal compounds called triterpenoids. The study optimized fermentation conditions and revealed how corn oil enhances fungal growth and metabolism at the molecular level. Impacts on everyday life: • Provides a more efficient way to produce natural medicinal compounds • Could help make traditional Asian medicines more accessible and affordable • Demonstrates how common cooking oils can be used to improve biotechnology processes • Advances understanding of fungal growth and metabolism • Could lead to development of better pharmaceutical products

Background

Antrodia cinnamomea is a precious, host-specific brown-rot fungus known for containing diverse bioactive compounds with potential pharmaceutical activity. It produces specific ergostane triterpenoids and has been used traditionally as a medicinal mushroom for treating various diseases. However, obtaining sufficient fruiting bodies from natural habitats is difficult due to slow growth rates and rare host trees. Liquid fermentation of mycelia offers an alternative production method, but typically yields lower triterpenoid levels compared to fruiting bodies.

Objective

To improve fungal growth and triterpenoid production in liquid fermentation of A. cinnamomea by testing the effects of various vegetable oils as additives and optimizing the fermentation conditions.

Results

Corn oil exhibited the best effects among tested oils, increasing triterpenoid yield by 5.16-fold compared to control. Optimal conditions were determined to be 1% corn oil added at 0h with 10% inoculation volume, resulting in maximum triterpenoid yield of 532.3 mg/L (4.11-fold increase). Transcriptome analysis revealed corn oil significantly enriched glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and propanoate metabolism pathways and increased expression of transmembrane hydrophobins.

Conclusion

The addition of vegetable oil, particularly corn oil, significantly improved productivity of submerged A. cinnamomea mycelia in liquid fermentation. The improvements were linked to increased hydrophobin production and changes in primary carbon metabolism pathways.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/jof7110926
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