A Comprehensive Review on Valorization of Agro-Food Industrial Residues by Solid-State Fermentation

Author: mycolabadmin
2021-04-23
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Summary

This research examines how agricultural and food industry waste materials can be transformed into valuable products using an environmentally friendly fermentation process. Instead of disposing of these wastes, they can be used to produce useful compounds like enzymes, antioxidants, animal feed supplements, and biofuels. This approach helps reduce waste while creating valuable products. Impacts on everyday life: • Reduces environmental pollution from improper disposal of food industry waste • Creates more sustainable and cost-effective production of useful compounds • Provides new sources of natural ingredients for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products • Helps develop more environmentally friendly biofuels • Improves the quality and sustainability of animal feed production

Background

Agro-food industrial residues (AFIRs) are generated in large quantities worldwide, with most being lignocellulosic wastes that can serve as sources of value-added products. These residues include materials not intentionally generated during production but not necessarily considered waste. Significant amounts are produced during plant raw material processing, accounting for about 30% of processed raw material mass in industries like wine production and grain processing. Improper disposal can cause serious environmental problems.

Objective

This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the management and valorization of AFIRs through solid-state fermentation (SSF). It examines the current applications, classification, and chemical composition of AFIRs; the catalytic function and potential applications of enzymes produced by various microorganisms during SSF cultivation; the production of phenolic compounds; and insights into using SSF treatment for feed improvement and biofuel production.

Results

The review found that SSF is an effective technique for obtaining biomolecules from lignocellulosic materials, with applications in fuel, food, feed, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Key findings include: successful production of various enzymes (ligninolytic, cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic) through SSF; enhanced extraction of phenolic compounds and other valuable metabolites; improved digestibility of materials for animal feed; and potential for sustainable biofuel production.

Conclusion

SSF represents an environmentally friendly and economically viable approach for valorizing AFIRs. The process offers advantages including higher productivity, lower costs, reduced water consumption, and minimal waste generation compared to traditional methods. While showing great promise, optimization of process parameters and bioreactor design remain important areas for future research to achieve full industrial-scale efficiency.

Published in:Foods,
Study Type:Review,
Source: 10.3390/foods10050927