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Antifungal and other bioactive properties of the volatilome of Streptomyces scabiei

Summary

Researchers discovered that Streptomyces scabiei, a bacterium known for causing common scab disease on potatoes and other root vegetables, produces various airborne chemicals with surprising benefits. Using advanced laboratory techniques, scientists identified 36 different volatile compounds from this bacterium, many of which can kill harmful fungi and potentially help plants grow better. While traditionally viewed as purely harmful, these findings suggest the bacterium may actually serve a more complex role in soil, sometimes protecting crops from more dangerous diseases.

Background

Volatile compounds (VCs) produced by host-associated bacteria remain largely unexplored despite their potential roles in microbial competition and plant colonization. Streptomyces scabiei 87-22 is the model species for common scab disease in root and tuber crops. This study investigated the volatilome of S. scabiei under culture conditions that inhibited fungal growth.

Objective

To identify and characterize volatile compounds produced by Streptomyces scabiei 87-22 and evaluate their antifungal and bioactive properties against plant pathogens including Alternaria solani and Gibberella zeae. To determine whether observed growth inhibition was mediated by volatile compounds.

Results

Thirty-six volatile compounds were identified from S. scabiei metabolic activity, including ketones, aromatic compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds. Bicameral assays confirmed that VCs partially mediated growth inhibition of tested fungi. DMTS, 2-heptanone, creosol, and notably 3-penten-2-one demonstrated strong antifungal activity against all tested fungal strains in dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion

S. scabiei 87-22 produces diverse volatile compounds with multiple bioactivities including antifungal, antibacterial, and plant growth promotion properties. The discovery of 3-penten-2-one as a novel antifungal agent and evidence of plant-protective effects suggest the ecological role of S. scabiei is more complex than its pathogenic reputation, potentially functioning as a beneficial microorganism under certain conditions.
  • Published in:Applied and Environmental Microbiology,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 41031835, DOI: 10.1128/aem.00863-25
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