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Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida isolates among patients with candiduria: a multiplex PCR assay

Summary

This study examined Candida yeast infections in urine samples from hospitalized patients in Iran. Researchers identified seven different Candida species using a specialized PCR test and tested how well they responded to three antifungal medications. They found that while Candida albicans was most common, other species showed much higher resistance to fluconazole treatment. The findings highlight the importance of proper species identification for choosing the right treatment.

Background

Candiduria caused by Candida species is an increasingly prevalent hospital-acquired infection. Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species are rising in prevalence with notable antifungal resistance patterns. Accurate species identification and susceptibility testing are critical for appropriate therapeutic selection.

Objective

To assess the prevalence and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida isolates from patients diagnosed with candiduria using molecular and microbiological methods.

Results

Candida albicans was the predominant species (70%), followed by C. tropicalis (11%), C. glabrata (9%), and C. parapsilosis (5%). Fluconazole resistance was observed in 2.86% of C. albicans isolates versus 29.41% of NAC species. NAC species demonstrated significantly higher antifungal resistance rates compared to C. albicans.

Conclusion

Candida albicans remains the primary etiological agent of candiduria, but NAC species exhibit higher resistance to fluconazole. The 21-plex PCR system successfully identified causative agents. Future studies with larger patient cohorts and diverse methodologies are recommended to enhance understanding of antifungal-resistant species.
  • Published in:Current Medical Mycology,
  • Study Type:Cross-sectional Study,
  • Source: PMID: 41122123, DOI: 10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1610
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