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Trichoderma: The Current Status of Its Application in Agriculture for the Biocontrol of Fungal Phytopathogens and Stimulation of Plant Growth

Summary

Trichoderma is a beneficial fungus that grows naturally in soil and can protect crops from harmful fungal diseases while promoting plant growth. It works through multiple mechanisms including directly attacking pathogenic fungi, competing for nutrients, and boosting the plant’s own defense systems. With over 77 commercial products already available, Trichoderma offers a promising sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides for protecting major world crops.

Background

Trichoderma is a genus of filamentous fungi that are dominant components of soil ecosystems worldwide. These fungi are known for their ability to colonize plant roots and establish beneficial relationships with plants while antagonizing pathogenic microorganisms.

Objective

This review examines the current status of Trichoderma applications in agriculture, focusing on its biocontrol mechanisms against fungal phytopathogens and its capacity to stimulate plant growth through various metabolic activities and plant-microorganism interactions.

Results

Trichoderma species employ multiple biocontrol mechanisms including mycoparasitism, production of cell wall-degrading enzymes, synthesis of antibiotics and antifungal compounds, competition for nutrients and space, and induction of plant resistance. At least 77 commercial Trichoderma-based biofungicides are available globally, with 7 approved by the European Commission.

Conclusion

Trichoderma represents a promising alternative to chemical pesticides for sustainable agriculture, offering both biocontrol against fungal pathogens and biostimulation of plant growth. The genus has significant potential for commercialization as a biological control agent and plant growth promoter in integrated pest management systems.
  • Published in:International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: 10.3390/ijms23042329, PMID: 35216444
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