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Different Symbiotic Species of Armillaria Affect the Yield and Active Compound Contents of Polyporus umbellatus

Summary

Polyporus umbellatus is a medicinal mushroom used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating water retention and swelling. This study found that the type of symbiotic fungus (Armillaria species) growing with the mushroom significantly affects both how much mushroom is produced and the amounts of beneficial compounds it contains. Among three Armillaria species tested, A. gallica produced mushrooms with the highest yields and the most polysaccharides, making it the best choice for cultivation.

Background

Polyporus umbellatus is a medicinal fungus used for diuresis, where the sclerotium serves as the medicinal component. The growth and development of sclerotia depend on symbiosis with Armillaria species. However, the impact of different Armillaria species on sclerotial yield and quality remains unclear.

Objective

To identify three Armillaria strains through molecular analysis and examine their effects on the yield and active compound contents of P. umbellatus sclerotia after four years of co-cultivation.

Results

A541 (A. gallica) produced the highest sclerotial yield (1221 ± 258 g·nest⁻¹), followed by A35 (A. ostoyae) at 979 ± 201 g·nest⁻¹, and A19 at 591 ± 54 g·nest⁻¹. A541-P showed highest polysaccharide content (0.897 ± 0.042%), while A19-P had highest polyporusterone A and B contents. PCA revealed clear distinctions among the three groups.

Conclusion

Different Armillaria species significantly affect P. umbellatus yield and active compound content. A. gallica (A541 strain) demonstrated the greatest potential for improving both yield and quality. These findings provide guidance for selecting optimal Armillaria strains in artificial P. umbellatus cultivation.
  • Published in:Microorganisms,
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: 10.3390/microorganisms13020228, PMID: 40005595
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