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Characterization of the Enzymatic and Biosorption Processes Involved in the Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R Dye by Pleurotus ostreatus Pellets

Summary

This research demonstrates how oyster mushroom pellets can effectively remove harmful synthetic dyes from industrial wastewater through a combination of chemical absorption and enzymatic breakdown. The fungus produces specialized enzymes that degrade the complex dye molecules while also physically absorbing dye particles. This biological approach offers a promising, sustainable alternative to traditional chemical wastewater treatment methods used in the textile industry.

Background

Synthetic dyes are highly recalcitrant pollutants discharged in large volumes in industrial wastewater. Anthraquinone dyes like Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) are particularly resistant to degradation. White-rot fungi such as Pleurotus ostreatus possess ligninolytic enzyme systems with strong potential for dye degradation applications.

Objective

This study evaluated the decolorization of RBBR dye by Pleurotus ostreatus pellets in submerged culture, determining the relative contributions of enzymatic degradation and biosorption processes to dye removal.

Results

Maximum decolorization of 98.5% was achieved in culture broth and 98.0% using extracellular extract. Inactivated pellets showed biosorption capacity of 17 mg/g dye. Laccase and DyP activities increased significantly in the presence of dye in both extracellular and intrapellet extracts.

Conclusion

Pleurotus ostreatus effectively decolorizes RBBR through simultaneous enzymatic degradation, biosorption, and bioaccumulation processes, with enzymatic degradation being the primary mechanism. The fungus demonstrates potential for using the dye as a carbon source.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40863524, DOI: 10.3390/jof11080572
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