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Characterization of the Enzymatic and Biosorption Processes Involved in the Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R Dye by Pleurotus ostreatus Pellets

Summary

Oyster mushrooms can effectively remove synthetic dyes from wastewater through a combination of absorption and enzymatic breakdown. Researchers tested Pleurotus ostreatus pellets with a textile dye commonly used as a standard pollutant. The mushroom achieved over 98% dye removal, suggesting it could be used in wastewater treatment systems to clean industrial textile effluent. The fungus both absorbs the dye and produces enzymes that break it down.

Background

Synthetic dyes are highly recalcitrant pollutants discharged in large volumes in industrial wastewater. Anthraquinone dyes like Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) are notable toxic organopollutants. White-rot fungi like Pleurotus ostreatus possess robust extracellular enzymatic systems with strong potential for environmental applications and dye decolorization.

Objective

This study evaluated the decolorization of RBBR dye by Pleurotus ostreatus pellets in submerged culture. The research aimed to determine the participation of both biosorption and enzymatic degradation processes in the decolorization mechanism.

Results

The fungus achieved 98.5% decolorization in culture broth and 98.0% with extracellular extract within 144 hours. Inactivated pellets showed biosorption capacity of 17 mg/g of dye. Laccase and dye-decolorizing peroxidase activities increased significantly in presence of the dye in both extracellular and intrapellet extracts.

Conclusion

Pleurotus ostreatus decolorizes RBBR primarily through enzymatic degradation, though biosorption and bioaccumulation also contribute to the process acting simultaneously and synergistically. The fungus can utilize the dye as a carbon source, demonstrating strong potential for bioremediation of textile wastewater.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/jof11080572, PMID: 40863524
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